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Always greets you with a smile. He is one of the 

307 Farm Bureau Boosters who helped 

to make possible 

The Second Annual 

Report of the County Agent 

Red Lake County 

December 1st, 1918 to 
November 30th, 1919 

n 

With tbe exception ol tbe Supplement tbis is a reprmt 

of tbe report made to the U. S. Department 

of Agriculture and the Agricultural 

College of the University of 

Minnesota. 

D 

Prepared By 

CHARLES C. LAKE, County Agent 

Red Lake Falls, Minnesota 

1919 

Copyrighted 1920 

CHARLES C. LAKE 

Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



...1 



Minnesota 




All Roads Lead to Red Lake County 

(0)CU566675 /^pr^ 2b 1920 



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Red Lake County 



Red Lake County is located in the east central part of the 
Red River Valley, 275 miles northwest of St. Paul and Minne- 
apolis and 225 miles west of Duluth. The area of Red Lake 
County is 432 square miles. The Red Lake and Clearwater 
livers with their tributaries furnish an excellent drainage 
system. These rivers furnish power for the county's mills, 
electric light and power for the county and adjoining counties. 
Portions of the county are lightly wooded with hard and soft 
wood. The land is gently rolling, and the soil for the most 
part is a rich, productive sand loam with clay subsoil formed 
by lake and wash deposits. The county is especially adapted 
to diversified farming, the type of farming that will bring the 
Red River Valley to its own. 








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Clearwatei' River near Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

The Clearwater and Red Lake Rivers furnish power for the mills 
and electric power companies of the county. The power companies 
furnish power and light to people of the county and adjoining counties. 




Power Dam, Red Lake River, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

There are many undeveloped power sites on the rivers of Red 
Lake County. 



Introduction and Summary 

In making our second annual report of County Agricultural 
and Farm Bureau work in Red Lake County, we have used a 
great many pictures. The most of them have direct bearing 
upon the work done the past year by the Farm Bureau. Prac- 
tically all of the livestock pictures are of animals which have 
been brought into the county during the year. 

The pictures in the crop section are of two classes, some of 
them pertain to seed plots, which were being carried on in 
conjunction with the Farni Bureau. However, owing to the 
heavy rain during July these plots were so badly damaged 
that we have no data from them as to yield or quality of grain. 
The other pictures pertain to crops raised by farmers in vari- 
ous parts of the county which should be used in general by 
all farmers in the county. 

During the past year the Red Lake County Farm Bureau 
Association has carried on or assisted in the following: 

CROP WORK: 

Seed For Spring Planting — 384 farmers were aided in buy- 
ing and selling 18,177 bushels of seed grain and 11,480 pounds 
of other seed. 

Labor — 48 men were placed upon 24 farms during the year. 

Disease Control — The use of formaldehyde increased in the 
county 207%, corrosive sublimate 500%. 

Pure Seed Work — 15 pure seed plots in potatoes, 15 pure 
seed plots of wheat, on account of damage by rain no results 
are given. Sixteen pure seed plots of Rosen rye were planted 
this fall. 

LIVE STOCK: 

Tuberculin Testing — 464 cattle were tested before Decem- 
ber, however, the week following the total was brought to 
623, No reactors were found among cattle which had been in 
the county over 60 days ; 26 registered sires were brought into 
the county, 34 registered females were added to herds of the 
county, 193 people were assisted in buying and selling 1,197 
head of livestock. The Livestock Sale at Plummer, 275 head 
of livestock were sold for $15,000. Twenty-seven silos were 
erected in the county this year. 

Office Work — The Farm Bureau received the following: 
Office calls, 1,631 telephone calls, 735; letters written, 2,785; 
letters received, 2,139; form letters written, 46,612. 



Project Work — 325 farm visits were made, 15 institutes 
were lield with an attendance of 1,257; total meetings held, 
59; total attendance, 8,096; 3,898 miles were traveled by rail, 
7,315 miles were traveled by auto, 116 miles were traveled by 
team; total miles traveled, 11,329; 48 specialists from the Col- 
lege Station and Department of Agriculture spent 90 days in 
the county, 5 specialists from other educational agencies spent 
10 days in the county. Total number of specialists visiting- 
county, 52 ; total days spent in the county, 100. 



Boys and Girls' Club Work 

enrolled in potato work. 



-Twenty-five boys and girls were 



Farm Bureau 



The Red Lake County Fai-m Bureau Association is an incor- 
porated body, which is governed by a board of directors who 
assist in planning and in outlining the work the county agent 
is to do. 

The Farm Bureau work is to assist in developing better 
agricultural methods, and to help in bringing the business and 
farming interests closer together. For in all agricultural com- 




Red Lake County Court House. 

The home of the Red Lake County Farm Bureau Association, Red 
Lake Falls, Minn. 



munities, agricultural development is the one important prob- 
lem of both the town and country. 

During the past year the Farm Bureau membership has 
increased from 179 to 307, or 58%. 




Office of Red Lake County Farm Bureau Association, 
Red L/ake Falls, Minn. 

The Farm Bureau can assist you in getting good seed grain. 

The Farm Bureau can assist you in selling your seed grain. 

The Faim Bureau can assist you in securing good pure bred live- 
stock. 

The Farm Bureau can assist you in selling your pure bred live- 
stock. 

The Farm Bureau is the Farmers' Clearing House. It can help 
jou — USE IT. 

Officers and Directors of Red Lake County 
Farm Bureau 

Ovilla Robillard, President..... ..Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Edmund J. Porter, Sec. and Treas Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Olaf Tande, First Vice President... ...Plummer, Minn. 

W. A. Schroeder, Second Vice President Brooks, Minn. 

Clyde Childs Brooks, Minn. 

E. M. Smith Erskine, Minn. 

Carl Rindahl Oklee, Minn. 

C. G. Sail -.-Plummer, Minn. 

W. R. Holcomb -. Plummer, Minn. 

H. J. Enderle ...Plummer, Minn. 

F. P. Grenier... Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

7 



Fremont Derosier .Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

H. Zwingelberg Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

E. G. Buse -- Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A. P. Toupin -- Oklee, Minn. 

Program of Work for 1919 

1. The Development of the Farm Bureau Association : 

(1) By extension of membership to all sections of the 

county. 

(2) By selecting persons and committees to direct lines 

of work in community. 
%, Crop Improvement and Introduction: 

(1) To develop facilities to insure an ample supply of 

good farm seed for all farmers in the county. 

(2) Keep food crops up to normal acreage. 

(3) Introduction of clover and alfalfa. 

(4) Standardization of crops. 

(5) Control of grain smuts. 

(6) Conducting of potato demonstrations on seed selec- 

tion, disease control, standardization and market- 
ing. 

(7) Conducting of pure grain plots. 

3. Livestock Improvement and Introduction: 

(1) Greater use of pure bred sires. 

(2) Increase of livestock raising. 

(3) Employment of economical feeding rations and the 

use of balanced rations. 

(4) Control of animal disease. 

(5) Assistance in buying, selling and exchanging of 

breeding stock within the county. 

(6) Assistance in testing of cows for milk and butterfat 

production and the keeping of milk records. 

(7) Encouraging the building of more silos. 

(8) Conducting pasture feeding demonstrations. 

4. Farm Management : 

(1) Crop rotation. 

(2) Weed control. 

(3) Farm accounting as an aid to income tax report. 

(4) The study of the cost of tractor operation. 

(5) The conservation of manures. 

(6) Labor exchange. 



5. Organizations : 

Of assistance in the organizing and development of: 

(1) Farmers' clubs. 

(2) Co-operative creameries. 

(3) Co-operative elevators. 

(4) Livestock shipping associations. 

(5) Livestock breeders' associations. 

(6) Poultry growers' association. 

(7) Grain breeders' association. 

(8) Potato growers' association. 

(9) Cheese factories. 

6. Boys' and Girls' Club Work: 

(1) Potato raising. 

(2) Calf raising. 

(3) Sheep raising. 

Farm Bureau Picnic 

The Red Lake County Farm Bureau Association held its 
second annual picnic on the Clearwater river at Terrebonne, 
Minn. 

The grounds are located on an island belonging to the Terre- 
bonne Milling Co. Among the shade trees is a natural amphi- 
theater capable of seating several thousand people. Across 
the bridge from the island is parking space for two thousand 
cars, and on a nearby hill is a baseball ground. Terrebonne is 
located about two miles south and west of the center of the 
county, all of these advantages make it an ideal location for 
gatherings of any size. 

The picnic was attended by 3,500 to 4,000 people, who en- 
joyed the program which consisted of speaking and sports. 
Rev. Bouchard of Terrebonne, gave the opening address, which 
was responded to by Frank Jeffers of Red Lake Falls, then 
followed addresses by Prof. C. E. Brown of the Northwest 
School at Crookston; Charles Forbes of the State Highway 
Department, St. Paul; S. P. Weimer, President of the Stearns 
County Farm Bureau Association, and A. D. Wilson, Director 
of the Agricultural Extension Division of the University of 
Minnesota, University Farm, St. Paul. 

Between the addresses music was furnished by the Oklee 
and Plummer Concert Bands. Many brought their basket 
lunches, while others purchased refreshments from the stands 
on the grounds. 



The sports part of the program consisted of a tug-of-war 
between the east and west half of the county, a tub race, swim- 
ming races, foot races, log rolling contests and a baseball 
game. 

Arthur Prenevost, chairman of the grounds committee, and 
E. G. Buse, chairman of the sports committee and their help- 
ers, are to be complimented upon the efficient way in which 
they handled their part of the program. 




Clearing grovind for Farm Bvireau Picnic. 

Delegations from all parts of the county assisted in making the 
P'arm Bureau picnic grounds a place suitable for entertaining a large 
delegation. 

Cost of Farm Bureau Work 

The cost of Farm Bureau work to Red Lake County based 
upon the actual valuation of the county July 1, 1919, is fifteen 
thousandths mills per dollar valuation; or fifteen cents per 
thousand dollars valuation or ,824 cents per 160 acres, or a 
little over one-half cent per acre. 

When the benefits derived by members of the Association 
who have used the same are considered, the above cost is a 
very small matter. Several farmers in the county through use 
of the Farm Bureau have made hundreds of dollars during the 
past year. Use the Farm Bureau the coming year; it will 
make you money. 

10 




Noon hour — at the clearing — Farm liiireaii Picnic (jironnds. 

The ladies enjoyed this holiday as well as the men. They helped 
burn the brush and prepared a fine warm lunch. 




Farm Bureau Picnic Grounds located on island at right, 
buildings of Ed. Cadieux on liill above the dam. 



Farm 



11 




Section of antos at the Farm Bureau Picnic, Terrebonne, Minn. 




A. D. Wilson addressing Farm Bureau Picnic, Terrebonne, Minn. 

The Farm Bureau has a natural amphitheatre on its picnic 
grounds; 3,500 to 4,000 people spent an enjoyable day at the picnic. 



12 



Livestock 



During the year just closing Red Lake County made great 
progress in a livestock way and interest in pure bred livestock 
continues to increase. This year sixty-eight pure bred cattle 
were added to the herds of the county, aside from these many 
purchases were made of pure bred sires and females from the 
herds within the county which were used in establishing 




Pure bred Shropshire sheep owned by Jacob Zimmer, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

During the past year several of Red Lake County's best farmers 
have started to raise pure bred Shropshire sheep. 



new pure bred herds. Forty-five pure bred Shropshires and 
two thousand Western grade ewes were distributed through- 
out the county, some thirty pure bred boars and brood sows 
were also placed. The Farm Bureau was largely instrumental 
in this move toward better livestock. During the year we 

13 




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Sheep feeding rack on wheels. 

A convenient method of feeding sheep, and on a warm summer 
day it furnishes shade for a small flock. 

This feeding rack is in use upon Jacob Zimmer's farm, Red Lake 
Palls, Minn. 



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A grade flock of Shropshire sheep, owned by George Peterson, 
Brooks, Minn. 

There are no weeds in this pasture. Sheep upon the farm will 
help solve the weed problem. 

14 




Montana sheep in Red Lake County, o^vned by Linnihan & Son, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Two thousand sheep were shipped into Red Lake County this year. 
A flock like the above can accomplish wonders in weed control, and at 
the same time they are making money through their gain in weight for 
their owners. 




A pure bred flock of Shropshire sheep owTied by L. J. Hesse, 
Plunimer, Minn. 

The day will soon come when there will be a flock of sheep upon 
every Red Lake County farm. 

15 




A community owned stallion. 

This horse is owned by a group of farmers in Terrebonne town- 
ship. They have had two community owned horses and have been 
very successful in this enterprise. 




Holstein herd. Owned by F. A. Kellogg, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

This herd has been built up from an ordinary grade herd by use 
of a pure bred Holstein sire. 

16 



attended in company with Red Lake County fanners several 
pure bred livestock sales outside the county, chief among 
which were the Holstein sale at Moorhead, the Red River Val- 
ley Livestock Breeders' sale at Crookston, the boar and ram 
sale held under the same auspices in October and the sale of 
pure bred Angus held at Dominion City, Manitoba and from 
all these sales except the one at Moorhead, new additions were 
made to the herds of the county. The county was well repre- 
sented at both the Crookston sales, and a local boar topped 
the sale in October. In November we conducted a combination 
sale of livestock at Plummer (it being centrally located in the 
county). This proved a grand success, selling over 275 head 
in four hours which brought over $15,000. At the sale every- 
thing moved without friction or discord. 

During the summer and fall months we have had represent- 
atives of the State and Government Livestock Sanitary Boards 
at work within the county, and have tested 623 head of cattle 
for farmers, finding only three reactors, which were immedi- 
ately sent to the yards for slaughter. These reactors had but 
recently been brought into the county — making a clean record 
for all cattle that had been in the county over sixty days. 

The local veterinarian was assisted in vaccinating 120 hogs 
for cholera and necrobacillosis. 

The faiTners, bankers and business men of the county have 
offered every assistance possible, both in time, money and 
labor in bringing about the good results of the year's work 
along livestock lines. For the coming year the banks of the 
county have agreed to furnish 6% money for the purchase of 
pure bred livestock, and have through their association agreed 
to furnish substantial premiums for a show and sale of the 
purchases which will be held in the conjunction with the 1920 
County Fair. 

The plan for this work has not been definitely arranged but 
we intend to confine ourselves to the leading breeds within the 
county which are Shorthorn and Holstein cattle, Shropshire 
sheep and Duroc-Jersey, Poland-China and Chester white hogs. 

We are endeavoring to discourage a multiplicity of breeds 
and encourage a uniforaiity of pure bred livestock, believing 
that in the end it will be better for the community and more 
profitable to the owners. In securing this new stock our idea 
was to first ascertain the approximate number that would be 

17 



wanted and distribute them at cost by lot selection. We aim 
to see that they are cared for systematically during the year. 
We expect this project o culminate in a grand show at the Red 
Lake County fair. We are using to good advantage a lesson 
taught at the Plummer sale where an excellent grade cow sold 
for $90 and her 1919 heifer calf, which was a good one, sold 




Holstein cow milking 65 pounds per day, owned by Derosier Bros., 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Think of the barn room that can be saved by having cows which 
milk 65 pounds per day. A man is never ashamed to show such cows 
to people who may visit his farm. They always pay him for the trouble 
of taking care of them. 



for only $27. At this sale the same consignor sold three pure 
bred spring heifer calves for $165 each which were out of 
cows purchased some time ago at prices from $240 to $300. 
All these cows and calves had the same care and feed and the 
grade livestock cost equally as much as the pure breds other 
than the first cost and carrying charges on the cows. 

18 




A good herd of grade Holsteins, OAvned by A. C. Menard, 
Pluniiner, Minn. 



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Holstein bull, the type that builds up a herd, owned by L. J. Hesse, 

Plummer, Minn. 

Good bulls should never be allowed to leave a community. If 

the bull is too high priced for an individual farmer to handle, several 

farmers should go together and organize an association whereby the 

herds of all might be benefited by having access to an outstanding sire. 

This bull sold at the Holstein sale held at Crookston in February, 

1920, for $2,500. 

19 




Grade Holstein calves from a pure bred sire, owned by L. J. Hesse,. 

Pliunmer, Minn. 

It has often been said that a good sire is half the herd. Mr. Hesse 
has one of the good Holstein sires of the county, and it is very evi- 
dent from the above picture that the sire has transmitted some of his. 
good points to his offspring. 




A good Holstein steer. Raised by A. C. Menard, Plvunmer, Minn. 

This steer is not a year old, but was well fed, and when put upon 
the market brought more money than poorly fed steers of beef breed- 
ing. 

20 



As our banks advance money on pure bred livestock at the 
rate of 6% the cost of carrying the $250 cow was $15 above 
feed cost, and the calf income was $165, giving a profit of $150 
or 60%, while the cost of carrying a $90 grade at 10% was $9 
with a calf income of only $27, leaving a profit of $18 or only 
20%, showing a 40% net profit in favor of the pure bred and 
teaching again the lesson of greater profit in better livestock. 
Farmers Testing Livestock for Tuberculosis. 

W. E. Rose, Plummer; Red Lake County Investment Co., 
Red Lake Falls; P. J. Gustafson, St. Hilaire; C. O. Swanson, 
Red Lake Falls; Derosier Bros., Red Lake Falls; Albert Para- 
dis, Brooks; Octave LeFaivre, Red Lake Falls; Frank Jeffers, 
Red Lake Falls; Arthur Swanson, St. Hilaire; Hans Hogquist, 
St. Hilaire; John Konickson, St. Hilaire; E. J. Thyren, St. 
Hilaire; Paul Thyren, St. Hilaire; W. A. Schroeder, Brooks; 
William Allen, Brooks; Thomas Dennison, Brooks; Joe Supre- 
nant, Red Lake Falls; Omer Laurent, Red Lake Falls; Jeffers 
& LaBissoniere, Red Lake Falls ; Joe Wagner, Red Lake Falls, 
and Mortenson Bros., St. Hilaire. 




A seven-montlis-old Holstein bull calf. Grand Champion Red Lake 
County Fair, Owned by Derosier Bros., Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Good feeding counts in the raising of young livestock and if an 
animal is stunted from lack of feed while young and growing it will 
never be worth as much as the well fed, well grown-out individual. 

This bull calf won first prize in his class at the livestock show at 
Crookston in February, 1920. Derosier Bros, were offered $1,000 for 
him but kept him to head their herd. 

21 




All excellent type of a Shorthorn cow. Owned by Jacob Zinimer, 
Red Lake Falls, 31inn. 

Last summer Mr. Zimmer refused $1,000 for this Spicy Shorthorn. 




The old herd sire of W. A. Schroeder, Brooks, Minn. 

This year Mr. Schroeder and Mr. Allen of Brooks, purchased a 
11,000 bull to head their herds. 

22 



To our knowledge the following people have purchased pure 
bred livestock during the year. The most of it has been used 
to start new herds in the county: 

Anton Zins & Son, Red Lake Falls ; Patnode Bros., Red Lake 
Falls; J. F. Jahnke, Red Lake Falls; Rudolph Jahnke, Red 
Lake Falls; L. H. Jahnke, Red Lake Falls; Arthur Zutz, Red 
Lake Falls; Derosier Bros., Red Lake Falls; Ovilla Robillard, 




A pure bred Shorthorn heifer. Owned by Frank Jeflfers, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

This heifer when fully developed promises to be a winner, 
individuals, good feed and good care make the winners. 



Good 



Red Lake Falls ; William Sharper, Red Lake Falls ; Walter Co- 
lumbus, Red Lake Falls; John Duffy, Red Lake Falls; Frank 
Jeff ers, Red Lake Falls ; Art Steel, Red Lake Falls ; Joseph La 
Plante, Red Lake Falls; Leon Huot, Red Lake Falls; Albert 
Paradis, Brooks ; John Zornig, Red Lake Falls ; James Dreelan, 
Wylie; Mano Rasanen, Plummer; L. Munig, Plummer; M. J. 

23 



P'allon, Plummer; L. J. Hesse, Plummer; A. G. Smith, Red 
Lake Falls; Joe Suprenant, Red Lake Falls; Louis Parenteau, 
Red Lake Falls ; Earl Smith, Erskine ; E. E. Hill, Brooks ; Joe 

Bergeron, Brooks ; A. F. Turgeon, Brooks ; P. J. Gustaf son, St. 
Hilaire; Swan Walhaug, Plummer; Olaf Tande, Plummer; 
Albert Brooks, Plummer; John Seibles, Ruddell; W. A. Shroe- 
der, Brooks; W. D. Allen, Brooks; Thomas Dennison, Brooks; 
H. E. Vandervaal, Erskine; C. W. Royer, Brooks; H. W. 
Tschirgi, Brooks; Ray Wichterman, Rhoda; A. J. Hiney, 
Brooks ; Frank Ford, Red Lake Falls ; Thomas Moreau, Brooks ; 
lldaige Baril, Red Lake Falls ; David Cyr, Red Lake Falls ; Joe 
Wagner, ;Red Lake Falls ; Flage Bros., Red Lake Falls ; Manor 
& Burch, Red Lake Falls; Will Eukel, Red Lake Falls; W. R. 
Holcomb, Plummer; Jeffers & LaBissoniere, Red Lake Falls; 
Joe Champeau, Red Lake Falls ; Loeffler Bros., Red Lake Falls ; 
Joe Wagner, Red Lake Falls, and Joe Mercil, Brooks. 




A scrub is detrimental to the heitl. 
As land increases in value the farmers who succeed must in like 
manner change their methods of farming. There Is no place upon the 
farms in Red Lake County today for the scrub cow if farmers are to 
make a success of cattle raising. Only a philanthropist can afford to 
raise scrub cattle, because the raising costs more than they can market 
I hem for. 

If you sell breeding stock, the scrub in your herd detracts value 
from your good animals as the buyer loses confidence in the animal he 
is about to purchase for fear of scrub blood it might have. 

24 




Culls going to market. 

The raising of cull cattle takes all the profit from the cattle busi- 
ness. No successful cattle raiser ever made his success in feeding culls. 



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The best carload of cattle shipped this year by E. E. Hill and Earl 
Smith of Brooks, Minn. 

They topped all other shipments by 3 cents a pound. 

Two shipments of cattle raised by Red Lake County farmers 
are shown above. There is no question which shipment you 
would take if you were to receive the pay check. Raise cattle 
that bring you the most money. Put a good, pure bred bull at 
the head of your herd. This will help you to accomplish the 
above results. 

25 




The Passing of the Scrub. 
This scrub bull Is on his way to South St. Paul. Every scrub bull 
in Red Lake County should be making the same trip. No cattle raiser 
can hope to attain the success that he desires, if he allows a scrub to 
head his herd. There are scrub pure breds as well as scrub grades. 
The scrub pure bred is no better than the scrub grade. Use the best; it 
pays in the long run. If you cannot afford to purchase the best get 
one or two of your neighbors to go in with you and buy the best. 




Grand Champion Chester White Boar, at Red Lake County Fair. 
OwTied by Derosier & Robillard, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

An excellent type of big-boned Chester White hogs. 



26 




A Thousand Dollar Litter of Chester White Pigs. 0^v^led by 
Derosier & Robillard, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

These pigs were grand champion winners at the Red Lake County 
Fair. Six boars from this litter were sold for a little better than $600. 
This was double the amount of the original investment. It pays to 
raise well bred livestock. 

A boar and a gilt from this litter were the grand champions at 
the Chester White Hog show at Crookston in February, 1920. 




Well fed hogs bring the best price. The four hogs in above pic- 
ture were raised by E. E. Hill, Brooks, Minn. 



27 




Txire lired Duroc- Jersey Hogs, Owiied by Ai-tluir Zutz, Wylie, Minn. 

Last summer Mr. Zutz bought a boar to head his herd, which was 
sired by Big Challenger — a $3,000 boar. 




The foundation of a Pure Bred Herd of Poland-China Hogs. Owned by 
L. H. Jahnke, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mr. Jahnke has the right idea about starting a pure bred herd of 
livestock. If an individual is not good enough for him to use he sells 
it on the market and not as registered stock. 



28 




I'uie lired I*olaiul-Cluiia Hogs. 
Owned by Ferdinand Jahnke, Red Lake Falls, Miiui. 




Pure Bred Poland-China Hogs. Owned by Jahnke Bros., 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



29 



Crops 



Early in the spring the Fami Bureau sent out an agricul- 
tural questionaire to all the fanners of the county. The infor- 
mation derived from this questionaire was used to assist 657 
people in selling and purchasing 18,177 bushels of seed grain, 
11,480 pounds of grass seed, 363 tons of hay, 294 cords of 
wood and 1,197 head of livestock. 




Bye gro^vll by Charles Patnode, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Weeds do not like winter rye. It grows too fast and ripens too 
soon to suit them. Rotate your crop and use rye to assist in killing 
weeds upon your farm. 



Fifteen pure seed wheat plots were planted, but owing to 
the cloudburst on July 2nd, when ten inches of rain fell in 
twenty-four hours, and the two weeks of rain which followed 
so damaged the seed grain plots and grain in general that 
yields were not reported. 

30 



Seventeen farmers were helped to dispose of 400 bushels of 
first-class seed corn, practically all of this corn was planted in 
the county. Weather conditions were favorable for corn and 
ii good yield was secured this fall. We feel, however, that this 
yield in a large measure was due to the good home-grown seed 
planted this spring. 

A smut campaign was conducted by the Farm Bureau. 




Red Lake Falls, Miiui. 

Winter rye does well in Red Lake County. George Remick har- 
vesting a good crop of rye. 

1 




Wheat Field Raised by H. L. Premo, Brooks, Minn. 
31 




A field of Certified Marquis Wheat. Gromi by Edmund J. Portei-, 
Red liake Falls, Mtiin. 



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Red Lake County Wheat. Growii by P. J. Gustafson, 
St. Hilaire, Minn. 

Mr. Gustafson always treats his grain with formaldehyde. 



32 




A Field of Red Lake County Wheat. Gro«ai by George Walker, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 










Hi' 11 




Wheat Gro^\^l by Leon Huot, Wylie, Minn. 



33 




Wheat Grown by M. O. Sortedahl, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Sections of Red Lake County are lightly wooded with poplar tim- 
ber, when cleared this is the finest kind of farm land and will produce 
big yields of grain and other crops. 




A Wheat Field in Eastern Red Lake Coiuity. Grown by 
Kniite Erickson, Oklee, Minn. 



34 





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Farm scene showing field of grain and old barn on fami owned by 
J. A. Duflfy, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

In the section on farm buildings you will note the modern barn 
-which replaced this one. Good crops make it possible for farmers to 
feuild good buildings. 




A Bumper Crop of Wheat on poplar cleared land in Red liake County. 
Grown by Edwin Jacobson, Plummer, Minn. 

35 




Oat Field, Red Lake County. Gro^vn by Clifford Longtin, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 




Cutting Grain with a Tractor. Joe Skala, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



36 




Marquis Wlieat Raised by V. M. Healy, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

This 80 acres produced better than $3,000 worth of small grain. 




Marquis Wlieat Raised by W. R. Holcomb, Plununer, Rlinn. 



37 




Flax Gro«ii by Philip Demarais, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



SCr-^^'ttMr- 





Buckwheat Helps to Destroy Weeds. Grown by Landa Bios., 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

When buckwheat is plowed under, it makes excellent green 
manure. 



38 



From reports made by elevators and millers of Red Lake 
County, the actual loss by smut in wheat sold in 1918 amounted 
to $32,679. The total loss would be greatly in excess of these 
figures as it would include damage to wheat, barley and oats 
in the field. As a result of Farm Bureau efforts and those of 
the agricultural press the use of formaldehyde for treating 
seed grain increased in the county 207%. 




'Corn, Red Lake County, July 15, 1919. Grown by Willie Montreuil, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



One of the most difficult problems that confronts the Farm 
Bureau in crop work is that of labor. It is a hard thing to be 
able to have all the help you are asked to furnish just on a 
minute's notice. The Farai Bureau, however, assisted in help- 
ing twenty-four farmers last year with their labor problems. 



39 




Field of Northwestern Dent Corn. Grown by Evangelist Quesnell, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Northwestern Dent Corn makes much better fodder than the large 
varieties of Southern grown corn, that are used for this purpose. 

Fodder corn malces about twice as good feed as straw. Every farm 
should have its field of fodder corn. 




A Field of IMinnesota No. 13 Corn. Grown by W. A. Riechel, 
Red Lake Falls, IMinn. 

Mr Riechel believes in selection of home-grown corn for seed. 
For the past 15 years he has grown a corn crop each year from his 
own home-grown seed. He raises Minnesota No. 13, Minnesota No. 
2 3. Northwestern Dent and White Flint corn. 

40 




A tj^ical field of Minnesota No. 13 Corn. Grown by W. A. Riechel, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

If care is taken in the selection of seed corn, it can be raised with 
a reasonable degree of certainty each year in Red Lake County. In 
fattening value, corn as a feed is nearly twice that of oats and better 
than barley. 





Mangles make good feed, down by Joe Zins, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A succulent crop which will give enormous yield if you will but 
raise them. Livestock like them. From 10 to 15 tons can be raised 
upon one acre of ground. 

41 




A Red Lake County Clover Field. Growii by Carl Uhich, 
St. Hilalre, Minn. 
Do you suppose the owner of this field of clover hay would trade- 
it. for an equal amount of wild hay? We are certain he would not. 
Your stock will do better on clover than upon wild hay. 




Group of Lambert Farmers. 

At the home of Joe Bergeron, Brooks, Minn., to discuss farming: 
problems. 

42 




ik - - ' 

All excellent stand of Timothy Hay raised by Eric Tliyren, 
St. Hilaire, Minn. 

Timothy hay is better feed than the best wild hay that can be 
obtained. 




Clover and Timothy Hay yielding 3 tons per acre. Grown by Joe 
Wagner, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

More clover and timothy hay should be raised for feed. It con- 
tains nearly twice as much protein as prairie hay. Protein is a part of 
the feed that puts bone and muscle on the animal. Every farm should 
have a good clover and timothy field and not have to depend upon wild 
hay for roughage for its livestock. 

43 




Second Crop of Medium Red Clover to be Cut for Seed. 
H. L. Preino, Brooks, Minn. 



Grown by 




A fine stand of Sweet Clover. Gro\vn by Jacob Zimmer, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

To look at the picture is evidence enougli that sweet clover grows 
well in Red Lake County. Sweet clover is a profitable crop to raise. 
It makes good hay when cut at the right time. The past few years, as 
a seed crop, it has been more valuable than wheat. It enriches the 
land upon which it is grown and chokes out weeds. Raise more sweet 
clover. 



44 



Potatoes 



As illustrated by pictures, an excellent demonstration is 
shown between Green Mountain and Burbank potatoes. The 
potatoes were grown by Henry Porter and dug from alternate 
rows. The two rows had to be dug before picking and it was 
impossible to use the two rows along side of each other. Note 
the pictures showing the individual rows, and the piles of dug 
potatoes. The Green Mountain yielded thirty-eight bushels to 
the row and the Burbank nineteen bushels. This meant that if 




«?^ J ' "ViS 



Sorting Potatoes at digging time. Edmund J. Porter, 
Red Lake Falls, Miim. 

A great deal of time and labor can be saved if seed potatoes are 
picked at digging time. All the potatoes are scattered before you and 
you simply have to pick up the good ones, A much easier job than 
digging through the bin to find them. 

Many times you do not find them because the wife has used them 
for your dinner. You can't blame her a bit. The safest thing to do is 
to "beat her to it." 

Good seed potatoes bring results at harvest time. 

45 




Bui'bank Potatoes. Grown by 
Henry Porter, Red Lake Falls, 
Minn. 

This row of potatoes yielded 19 
bushels. 



Green Mountain Potatoes. Raised 
by Henry Porter, Red Lake 
Falls, Minn. 

Green Mountains are heavy 
yielders. This row yielded 38 
bushels. 




Kurbanks on the left and Green Mountains on the right. Grown by 
Henry Porter, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

The two piles of potatoes came from the same amount of ground, 
and were grown along side each other. The Burbanks yielded 19 
bushels and the Green Mountains 38 bushels. Both the Green Moun- 
tains and Burbanks are late white potatoes. 



46 



Henry Porter had had all Green Mountain instead of Burbanks 
this year he would have had an extra car of potatoes to ship. 
If all of the people of the county who raise Burbanks, would 
plant Green Mountain potatoes, they would get much better 
yields. 

Both the Green Mountain and Burbank are late potatoes. 

The Green Mountain is not as liable to damage by potato 
bugs as is the Burbank. Thirty seed plots of potatoes were 
planted by farmers in various parts of the county. No check 
of these plots was made as most of them were drowned out in 
July. 

Fifteen farmers were interested in potato seed certification, 
but owing to the excess moisture, only parts of seed plots of 
the Early Ohio passed inspection as being free from disease. 
Several fields of Green Mountain passed the inspection for dis- 
ease, and we expect an increase acreage in this variety of pota- 
toes in the county the coming year. 

The use of corrosive sublimate in the treating of seed pota- 
toes increased in the county during the past year 500%. 

The Farm Bureau has assisted farmers in the county in 
securing 300 bushels of certified seed potatoes for spring plant- 
ing. 




Potato Field. Grown by Mat Skala, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

The potatoe vines must be kept in a healthy condition in order to 
secure a good yield at digging time. This is a 90-acre potato field. 



47 




Harvesting potatoes iii Red Lake County. Field grown by Ednivmd J. 
Porter, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Jeff Porter did not believe in treating potatoes for disease with 
corrosive sublimate. His son, Edmund, was willing to talte a chance. 
When it came to digging time, Jeff Porter was as pleased with the re- 
sults of treating as was his son. The treated potatoes were a better 
quality and yielded twice as much per acre as the untreated field. 




A fine stand of potatoes grown by Dan Hart, Brooks, Minn. 

In order to raise a good crop of potatoes the field must be kept 
free from weeds. 

48 



Farm Improvements 

FARM BUILDINGS. 

We believe the year 1919 has marked a milestone on the 
road to better farm homes and buildings in Red Lake County. 
This year forty homes and fifty-four barns have been erected. 
The Farm Bureau does not assume much credit for the erec- 
tion of these buildings, but we feel, however, that it has played 
its part in the bringing of twenty-seven new silos to the 
County. We feel that the silo is a most important farm struc- 
ture, and one that pays the largest dividends on the faiTn. 
We hope to see one hundred silos put upon the farms of Red 
Lake County the coming year. 




Home ot Swan Akenson, Red Ijake Falls, Minn. 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A prosperous Red Lake County farmer. 




Home and Farm Buildings of Ingovold Husby, Plummer, Minn. 

49 




^j^l^^MMtelagi,. 



One of Red Lake Counties modern dairy bams. Owned by J. A. Duffy, 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Fifty-seven new barns and twenty-seven silos have been built in 
the county in the past year. 





A Pioneer Resident in Red Lake County. Joe Laurent Homestead, 
Terrebonne, Miun. 



50 




Home of Joseph Bergeron, Bi*ooks, Minn. 




Farm Buildings on Farm of Joseph Bergeron, Brooks, Minn. 



51 




Farm Home of Henry Gerloch, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A field of timothy in the foreground. 




Farm Home of Fremont Severson, Wylie, Minn. 



62 



Boys' and Girls' Club Work 

With the assistance of some of the school teachers of the 
county twenty-four boys and girls were enrolled in potato club 
work. The plots received excellent care until the Fourth of 
July ; after celebrating the national holiday many of them did 
not need further attention as they were drowned out. 

Daniel Remick of Red Lake Falls, and William McBroom of 
Plummer, won a trip to the State Fair for having the best 
plots in the county. We do not have the final reports of the 
yields as yet, but expect to get them soon. The following 
boys and girls in the Potato Club work won prizes at the state 




Daniel Renilck, Red Lake Palls, Minn., winner of first prize in Boys' 
and Girls' Potato Club Contest. 

We are sure there is not a boy in Red Lake County who would 
not smile when informed by one of the state club leaders that he had 
the best one-eighth acre plot of potatoes in the county. He won a place 
at the Red Lake County Fair and at the State Potato Show at Moor- 
head. 

53 



potato show at Moorhead: Daniel Remick, Red Lake Falls; 
William McBroom, Plummer; Keough Patnode, Red Lake 
Falls; Louis LeFaivre, Red Lake Falls; Stella Swanson, Plum- 
mer; Alpheon Bergeron, Brooks; Alexine Bergeron, Brooks; 
Celia Bergeron, Brooks. 

The coming year we hope to have in addition to Potato Club 
work, a Poultry Club project, a Dairy Calf Club project, a Beef 
Calf Club project, and a Pig Club project. 

We are sure when you read Daniel Remick's letter about his 
trip to the State Fair many more Red Lake County boys and 
girls will want to be winners in boys' and girls' projects: 

Red Lake Falls, Minn., Sept. 23, 1919. 
Mr. C. C. Lake, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Dear Sir: I will try to tell you about my trip to the State 
Fair. I left here August 29th, arriving at Minneapolis Sat- 
urday morning, although they had given us directions how to 
get to the camp, I was a little afraid I would get mixed up with 
all those street cars running every way, as I hadn't been in 
the Cities since I was eight years old. After I got on the train 




Alpheoii, Alexine and Cecilia Bergeron, Potato Club Girls, studying 
potato diseases. Brooks, Minn. 

Potato diseases, unless controlled, take half of your potato crop. 



54 



at Crookston I met a boy who had been at the camp before and 
he led the way. 

The camp is on Machinery Hill and was at one time an old 
Y. M. C. A. building. When I got there the boys were all play- 
ing baseball. There were one hundred and fifty boys at the 
camp. Experts came and took us about and showed us all the 
farm machinery where I saw a Holland wild oats cleaner which 
interested me greatly. Other experts came and took us to the 
stock barn where I saw a milking machine. 

Every day a man would take forty or fifty of the boys to 




William McBroom, Plummer, Minn., hoeing the weeds 
from his potato plot. 

William won second in the Boys' and Girls' Potato Club Contest 
last summer and had a free trip to the State Fair as a partial reward 
for his work. Though William is but a boy, he raised a better crop of 
potatoes than his father. He treated his potatoes with corrosive sub- 
limate and won a place on a peck he selected at Plummer market day. 
Red Lake County Fair, and in the boys' and girls' section of the State 
Potato Show at Moorhead. 

55 



the Cities and show them the most important parts. 

In the afternoon and evenings we had to usher on the grand- 
stand, but we met lots of people and could see all that went on 
in front of the grandstand free. There was lots to see. While 
we were on the Fair Grounds we could go in anywhere free. 
Every night we had to be in at a certain hour. 

We had the honor of saying hello to Theodore Roosevelt, Jr,, 
and General Wood. 

The most important thing that went on in front of the 
grandstand was four well trained elephants, one would play the 
piano and the other would keep time. They played war; a 
machine gun was placed on the back of one of them; one ele- 
phane fell over and pretended he was wounded and he would 
not get up until they tied a rag around his leg, then he got up 
and walked on his knees. 

I could write lots more but I guess I have written enough, 
I saw a lot of things, but did not see enough ; so I am going to 
try to go back next year to see more. 

From a Club Member, 

DANIEL REMICK. 

Markets 

Red Lake County has twelve elevators and for the year 
ending July 1, 1919, bought 1,401,384 bushels of grain and 
paid $1,819,811 for same. 

Red Lake County has farmers' co-operative elevators at 
Oklee, Brooks and Wylie, and this summer the farmers built 
an elevator at Dorothy. This elevator has handled 18,277 
bushels of grain this fall, paying $29,353 for the same. The 
farmers' elevators of the county handled $16,343 worth of 
binding twine. 

Red Lake County has four farmers' co-operative livestock 
shipping associations. Last year they shipped 132 carloads of 
livestock. 

Red Lake County has two flour mills which ground 140,000 
Imshels of wheat into flour last year. The Terrebonne Milling 
Co, paid to its patrons $3,700 in premiums for high grade 
wheat. These mills grind annually for the farmers 120,000 
sacks of grain for feed. 

A development project is under way whereby the Terre- 

56 



bonne Milling Co. may furnish electric power for the eastern 
portion of the county. 

Red Lake County has three farmers' co-operative and three 
private owned creameries. Last year they made 388,847 
pounds of butterfat into butter. The average price paid for 
butterfat was 50.62 cents per pound, making a total to the 
farmers of the county for butterfat $196,834.35. 

Red Lake County has four cheese factories and in all prob- 
abilities they received as much butterfat as the creameries 
making a total value of dairy products in the county $393,- 
668.70. 








^levators. Oklee, Minn. 

Co-operative Elevator (in the foreground) for the year ending 
July 1, 1918, paid $309,539.78 for 208,518 bushels of grain. In 
addition to the grain business they sold $966.81 worth of seeds, 
$14,932.09 worth of flour and feed, $3,749.89 worth of twine and 
$4,480.66 worth of coal. 



57 




Terrebonne Milling Co., Terrebonne, Minn. 

The best equipped mill of its size in the state. Ground 75,000 
bushels of wheat into flour in the last year. This mill grinds 60,000* 
sacks of feed for the farmers yearly. 




Hour Mill, Stelnert Milling Co., Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

This mill ground 65,000 bushels of wheat into flour last year and 
60,000 sacks of feed for the farmers in the community. 



58 



/ 




Elevators. Brooks, Minn. 

In foreground is the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator. For the 
year ending July 1, 1918, it paid $161,520 for 194,749 bushels of 
grain. 

In addition to the grain business they sold $435,455 worth of 
flour, $713.24 worth of feed, $841.80 worth of seed, $7,278.85 worth 
of twine, $525.20 worth of machinery. 




Tow Mill, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

59 




Fanners' Co-operative Creamery, Plummer, Minn. 

One of the best built and equipped creameries in Minnesota. In 
1918 this creamery received 12 8,492 pounds of butterfat. The patrons 
received an average price of 53.3 cents per pound for their butterfat. 




Farmers' Co-operative Creamery, Oklee, Minn. 

In 1918 the Oklee Farmers' Co-operative Creamery received 84,390 
pounds of butterfat, and paid an average price of 53.2 cents per pound 
for same to the farmers of its community. 



60 



Roads 

The public highway is of great importance to the agricul- 
tural interests of a county. It can be readily seen by glancing 
at the pictures upon this subject that Red Lake County has an 
excellent system of roads. 

The county has 102 miles of state highway which connect 
all the towns and villages of the county. This road is all 
graded and is efficiently maintained by a patrol system. 

Forty-three miles of the Red Lake County state road sys- 
tem are included in the proposed trunk highway system. 

Thirty miles of state road will be graded and graveled in 
1920. It is estimated that in five years all of the present state 
roads will be graded. More state roads are to be added and in 
a comparatively short time every farmer in the county will be 
supplied with a gravel road. 

Nearly all of the bridges on the present state road system 
have been replaced by steel and concrete structures. 

Red Lake County is extremely fortunate to have gravel de- 
posits located in convenient parts of the county for its road 
construction work. 




Jeflfei'soii Highway Ciossing Red Lake River near 
Red Lake Falls, Miiui. 

One of Red Lake County's beautiful stretches of road. 



61 



The past four years Red Lake County has been spending an 
average of $37,875 per year for the construction of roads and 
bridges and their maintenance. This is the reason Red Lake 
County has the best roads in Northern Minnesota. 

Be a good road booster. It boosts the value of your farm 
land. 




Red Lake County has good roads. 

A portion of Red Lake County's state highway system. During 
the coming year Red Lake County expects to grade and gravel thirty 
miles of road. 



62 




The Old Clearwater Bridge. 

This old bridge which was not safe for heavy traflBc was replaced 
this year by the new concrete structure shown below. 




Concrete Bridge on Jefferson Highway across Clearwater l\i\ ei', at 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

This bridge cost $29,700 when built in 1918. 
Red Lake County believes it pays to build only the best bridges 
and roads. 

63 




Red Lake Falls Civic League and Commercial Club entertaining^ 
the Jefferson Highway touring party consisting of Thomas H. Johnson, 
Commissioner of Agriculture for Manitoba; Gov. RufHn C. Pleasant of 
Louisiana and General Manager J. D. Clarkson of the Jefferson High- 
way Association of St. Joseph, Mo. 

Manager Clarkson stated they made up all of the time lost on 
their schedule between Minneapolis and Red Lake County on Red Lake 
County's good roads. 




Gravel Pit Owned by Ed. L. Healy, Red Lake Falls, Minn, 

Hauling gravel during the winter months to make Red Lake 
County roads famous. 

64 



Red Lake County Fair 

The Red Lake County Fair this year was good and Presi- 
dent Dr. Watson and his associate directors are to be con- 
gratulated upon the success of their efforts. It had an excel- 
lent exhibit of vegetables and grains. The livestock section 
was the best it has ever been. Heretofore outside breeders 




Indians from Red Lake Indian Reservation, Beltrami County. 
Red Lake County Fair, 

The Indians gave a splendid account of themselves, doing war 
dances, LaCrosse, and foot racing. 



have been brought in to show their pure bred herds. This 
year practically all of the livestock shown was pure bred and 
the best part of it was that it was owned by Red Lake County 
farmers. The Farm Bureau was directly responsible for a 
great deal of the good livestock being in the county. The com- 
ing year we believe that the livestock section of the Red Lake 

65 



County Fair will be one of the best livestock shows in North- 
ern Minnesota. 

One of the distinctive features of the fair was its sports, 
the most of which were furnished by home talent. This we 
feel was at it should be — the county fair should be the peo- 
ple's fair, and money spent for prizes in this way goes back to 
the community instead of into professional hands who care 
nothing for the future development of the county. The sports 
consisted of Olympic and Caledonian games. The Indians from 
Red Lake Agency in Beltrami County added much to this 
part of the program winning events as well as giving a splen- 
did exhibition of LaCrosse, which was very much enjoyed by 
everyone present. One day was designated as Welcome Home 
Day for soldiers, sailors, marines and nurses, on this day ath- 
letic events were held in which they alone competed. 




Section of Corn Exliibit. Red Lake County Fair. 



66 




Section of Corn, Gi-ain and Potato Exhibit. Red Lake County Fair. 




Section of A'egetable Exhibit. Red Lalce County Fair. 



67 




Section of Apple Exhibit. Red Lake County Fair. 




Section of Canned Frnit Exhibit. Red Lake County Fair. 



68 



Red Lake County Poultry Breeders' 
Association 

The Red Lake County Poultry Breeders' Association was 
organized by the Farm Bureau the latter part of February, 
1919, at Plummer. The officers elected at this time held office 
only until such time in the spring when the roads were in suit- 
able condition to call a county-wide meeting. This was done 
in May, all the people in the county were notified by the Fann 
Bureau of the meeting and urged to be present and help per- 
fect the county poultry organization. The same officers were 
elected to hold office for another year. 

The work accomplished along poultry lines during the year 
is almost entirely due to the excellent co-operation of the asso- 
ciation. 




Even chickens like an old bach. 
A Red Lake County Booster, Wm. Bottineau, Plummer, 3Iinn. 

69 



POULTRY PICNIC. 

Red Lake County Poultry Breeders' Association held their 
first annual picnic upon the Farm Bureau picnic grounds at 
Terrebonne. 

The picnic was attended by 500 people interested in poultry 
raising. An excellent program was given. Prof. N. E. Chat- 
man, from the University Farm, St. Paul, was the principal 
speaker. When Mr. Chatman had finished his talk on poultry 
we all realized what we were missing by not raising more and 
better poultry. 

A basket lunch was served, which had a bountiful supply 
of fried spring chicken, a very appropriate suggestion for a 
poultry picnic. 

Races of various kinds were held during the afteroon, thus 
making the day an outing for both young and old. 

Standard bred poultry should be raised upon every Red Lake 
County farm. We feel sure that next year the poultry picnic 
will be one of the big affairs of the county. 




The Passing of the One-Horse Shay. Red Lake County Poultry 
Breeders' Picnic, Terrebonne, Minn. 

Poultry raising must be profitable in Red Lake County, for all 
the breeders except one came in their automobiles. 



70 




Some of Red Lake County's Chickens. 




Red Lake County Poultry Breedei-s' Picnic, Terrebonne, Minn. 

The poultry breeders spent an enjoyable day at the Farm Bureau 
picnic grounds. Five hundred people came to hear N. E. Chatman, 
Poultry Specialist of University of Minnesota. 



71 



RED LAKE COUNTY POULTRY SHOW. 

The Red Lake County poultry breeders had a most success- 
ful show at Plummer. Prof. C. E. Brown stated it was the best 
one he had ever seen for the first show, 460 birds being shown. 

G. A. Krueg-er and S. J. Rice of Plummer, are almost en- 
tirely responsible for the success of this event. 

We know as a direct result of this show — one Red Lake 
County fanner purchased a flock of good standard bred 
chickens. 

We hope to see 1,600 exhibits at the poultry show next year. 




Wliite Leghoins. Red Lake County Poultry Show, Plummer, Miiui. 

D. M. McGinn, Thief River Falls, Minn., winner of cup awarded by 
Citizens' State Bank of Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



72 




Wliite Pljmoiith Hocks. Red Lake Coiuity Poultry Sliow, 
Pill miner, Minn. 

G. A. Krueger, Pliinimer, Minn., winner of cup awarded by Farm- 
ers' State Bank of Plummer. 




Rose Comb Rhode Island Reds. Red Lake County Poultiy Show, 
Pliunmer, Minn. 

S. J. Rice of Plummer, Minn., winner of cup awarded by Farmers' 
and Merchants' State Bank of Oklee. 

73 




Wliite Wyandottes. Red Lake County Poultry Show, Plummer, Minn. 

Tobias Reep, Plummer, Minn., winner of cup awarded by First 
State Bank of Brooks, Minn. 




Mottled Anconas. Red Lake County Poultry Show, Plummer, Minn. 

S. J. Rice, Plummer, Minn., winner of cup awarded by First State 
Bank of Red Lake Falls. 

74 




Wliite Plynioutli Rocks. Red Lake Coiuity I'oultry Show, 
Pluinmer, Minn. 

Althea Krueger, Plummer, Minn., winner of cup awarded by 
Farmers' National Bank of Red Lake Falls, Minn. 




Buflf Orpingtons. Red Lake County Poultry Show, Plummer, Minn. 

H. F. Erickson, Thief River Falls, Minn., winner of cup awarded 
by Merchants' State Bank of Red Lake Falls, Minn. 



75 



Plummer Market Day 

Plummer has had market days in past years, but this year 
it was more extensive than ever before. Aside from the 
sports, an excellent exhibit of vegetables and grains was 
shown. The farmers' clubs in the vicinity of Plummer had 
exhibits which would have done credit to some county exhibits 
at the State Fair. 

In connection with the market day activities, the poultry 
breeders held their first poultry show. We feel that market 
days like this can be of great value in assisting to make the 
county fair the agricultural success it should be in every 




Cloverland Farmers' Club Exhibit. 

Plummer Market Day. Winner of first place. Also winner of first 
place at Red Lake County Fair. 



76 



county. Practically all the winners of prizes took their ex- 
hibits to the county fair. Many of these exhibits would not 
have been shown on account of the long distance to take them 
had it not been for the fact that they won in their own com- 
munity and might have a chance in the bigger classes at the 
county fair. 




Gervais Alert Farmers' Club Exhibit. 

Market Day, Plummer, Minn. Winners of second prize at Plum- 
mer and at the County Fair. 



77 



. «♦. 



^mr.'"^ 




The coiintiyside tinned out to attend the Plummer Market Day, 

The business men of Plummer decided to take a day off and enjoy 
themselves with the farming community about their village. Delegates 
were called in from adjoining farmers' clubs and the day's entertain- 
ment planned consequently it is not at all surprising that when the big 
event came off, everyone came in to help make it a success. 




Everybody Out. Plummer Market Day. 

The boys on the truck are engaged in a string-eating contest to 
see who will be successful in getting the prize and the candy at the 
end of the string. 

78 



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Cloverlaiid Farmers' Club. 

Winner of Endeile cup for the best Farmers' Club exhibit at 
Plummer Market Day, and also winner of the best farm club exhibit 
at Red Lake County Fair. 




Auto Balancing Contest. Market Day, Pliunmer, Minn. 

This contest created a great deal of interest. Two planks were 
put over an 8x8 timber with a 2x2 strip nailed on top to balance upon. 
Nobody won this prize, but several thought they were going to. Try it 
- — it is good sport. 

79 




Lots of Fun. Potato Race. Market Day, Plummer, Minn. 

The young people enjoy activities of this Icind. They not only are 
good sports for the participants, but furnish a lot of amusement for 
the onlookers. 




Shoe Race. Market Day Sports, Plummer, Minn. 

All of the boys jou see hurrying to put on their shoes have had 
them tied together and shaken up in a barrel. The boy who was able 
to get his shoes out of the barrel and on his feet first, won the prize. 

80 




Boosters' Farmers' Club Exhibit. 

Plummer Day. Winner of third place. 



United War Work Campaign 

Last year considerable time was spent in assisting with war 
work activities. The United War Work Campaign was the 
only one of these projects which overlapped into the new year. 

Through the assistance of the Farm Bureau a little more 
than the quota for this work was raised. 

Red Lake County was the only county in Northern Minne- 
sota to meet all of its quotas for Red Cross and war work. 
The Farm Bureau was largely instrumental in accomplishing 
this fine piece of work. 



Miscellaneous 




Apiary ol' Carl Gerlacii, Red L/ake Falls, Miiiii. 

The county has several well kept apiaries. Some of them pay 
their owners handsome returns. 




Apple Trees in Bloom, Red Lake County, Minn. 
82 




strawberry Picking. 

Showing two sure crops. Grown by W. A. Riechel, Red Lake 
a^'alls, Minn. 




Women's Rest Room, Red Lake Falls, Miiui. 

Every town and village should have such a room. 



83 



Birdseye View of Red Lake Falls, Miiui. 




Lincoln Hotel, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

The Lincoln Hotel, a $50,000 building, was erected by the people- 
of Red Lake Falls, and the surrounding community. The hotel is one 
of the best in Northern Minnesota. 



84 




I 



Section of Main Street, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 




Comer of Business Block, Brooks, Alimi, 



85 




->^.,^«A«»es^-_ ,u,,i^i?-r:?!^fc«t*RE»«Kr.-?' 



Small Section of Business District of Oklee, Minn. 




Lost River near Claud Royer's Farm, Brooks, Mirni. 



86 



Schools 



Red Lake County has as fine schools as there are to be found 
in the state. There are fifty-four rural schools, two consol- 
idated schools, one high school and one parochial school in the 
county. The schools of the county were attended last year by 
1,924 pupils. During the coming year the county expects to 
add another consolidated school to its school system. 

The Red Lake County Chapter of American Red Cross and 
County Commissioners have made it possible to secure the 
services of Miss Ruth E. Philips as community nurse for Red 
Lake County. 




Consolidated School, Oklee, Minn. 



87 




High School, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Red Lake County has 57 public schools. 




(jiraded School, Red Ijake Falls, Minn. 



/////.V.'tV// 




jllij"'"»1*'lllflfl»fl„ 



=iwilifllii;o 

St. Joseph's School, Red Lake Falls, 3Iinu 




Consolidated School, Plunrmer, Minn. 



89 



Churches 

The county has nineteen churches divided as follows: Ro- 
man Catholic, seven; German Lutheran, two; Scandinavian 
Lutheran, five; Presbyterian, five. The work in these 
churches is in charge of Rev, S. M. Kelly, Red Lake Falls; 
Rev. Fr. E. J. Lemire, Red Lake Falls ; Rev. Fr. Thomas Mer- 
ril. Red Lake Falls; Rev. Fr. Sam Bouchard, Red Lake Falls; 
Rev. Fr. Lamey, Dorothy; Rev. Fr. N. P. Junker, Plummer; 
Rev. Fr. L. A. Perrnault, Oklee; Rev. Fr. A. Bealieu, Brooks; 
Rev. S. T. Palm, Oklee; Rev. Grimsrud, St. Hilaire; Rev. Her- 
man AmEnd, Wylie, and Rev. O. Kolstoe, Plummer. 




St. Francis Xavier Catholic Church, Oklee, Minn. 



90 




.C^^v ^vir: 



sTinrii^' 



First Presbyterian Clmrch, Red Lake Falls, Minn. 




St. Antliony's Churcli and Parsonage, Terrebonne,, Miim. 



91 




Zion Norwegian Lutheran Church, Oklee, Mhin. 



Game and Fish 

There come times when farmers and business men like to 
take a httle recreation from their work. The prairies, woods 
and rivers of Red Lake County afford an opportunity to fish 
and hunt to one's heart's content. Fish abound in all the 
streams — sturgeons weighing from thirty-five to sixty pounds 
have been caught in the Red Lake river. 

There is not a year passes but what local farmers get a few 
deer. Partridges, chickens, ducks and the smaller fur-bearing 
animals are found on the prairies, in the woods and along the 
streams of the county. 



92 





mmmmmi 


P^S^'i 







Tlie results of a three-day duck hunt. 



93 




Some of the flsli caught on a two-day outing. 



ff'^nW"^ 



t 



«•. 









/'• 




-^4^'r^^v 






A day among the Cottontails. 



94 




lied Lake County Deei-, 



CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA FOR RED LAKE FALL, MINN. 

Killing Frosts. 

Last in Spring. First in Fall. 





1914 May 


14 


1914- 


-Oct. 14 






1915 May 


18 


1915- 


-Aug. 26 






1916 May 


19 


1916- 


-Sept. 15 






1917— June 


1 


1917- 


-Sept. 10 






1918— May 


20 


1918- 


-Sept. 3 






1919— May 


9 


1919- 


-Sept. 25 






Temperature 


( Degrees Fahrenheit.) 




Ft. in 


No. of An- 










eleva- 


yrs. of niial 


High- 


Low- 






tion 


record mean 


est 


Date est 


Date 


Year 


1,000 


2 


96 


July 26 46 


Dec. 12 


1914 


<< 


3 40.3 


90 


Sept. 2 42 


Jan. 27 


1915 


it 


4 35.8 


94 


July 28 45 


Jan. 13 


1916 


<t 


5 35.7 


105 


July 28 36 


Jan. 14 


1917 


<< 


6 39.7 


98 


July 20 36 


Jan. 30 


1918 


t( 


7 38.0 


92 


May 28 39 


Jan. 3 


1919 



95 



Precipitation (inches.) 







>> 
























s 










f* 






_>. 




to 




C 

o 

s 








o*^ 


u 


^ 




o 




O 0) 


o 

t-l 


o 




s 











.. . .. 1914 

.. 18.26 7.56 June 0.02 Mar. 30.0 66 160 93 112 SW 1915 

3 29.66 5.75 Aug. 0.04 Nov. 66.6 -.. 197 70 99 NW 1916 

4 15.01 2.14 July 0.11 May 85.5 67 191 58 116 NW 1917 

5 20.59 4.35 Aug. .-.. Mar. 38.5 64 208 37 120 NW 1918 

6 31.37 8.62 July 0.43 Dec. 67.0 72 214 42 109 SW 1919 

Outlook and Recommendation 

OUTLOOK FOR 1920. 

We believe that the outlook for the coming year as far as 
the Fann Bureau is concerned is bright. 

Like all the new movements the Farm Bureau must first 
grope its way along before it can entirely come to its own. 
Farmers who have given the Farm Bureau a fair trial and 
have presented their problems to it as they arise are satisfied. 
They are more than satisfied, for the Farm Bureau in some 
instances has made them hundreds of dollars. It is only a 
matter of time until all farmers will realize that the Farm 
Bureau and the county agent are their friends. 

The Farm Bureau is your institution, its directors are 
elected by you and will serve your interests faithfully as their 
interests are yours. Give them your support and assist them 
whenever you are called upon to help, affiliate yourself with 
the Farm Bureau, it is the largest agricultural organization in 
the world. Remember, if you do not use the Farm Bureau it 
is your loss and the other man's gain. The following are some 
of the projects and activities the Farm Bureau hopes to be 
instrumental in accomplishing the coming year: 

1. Development of Farm Bureau Association. 

(1) Increasing the membership from 307 to 500. 
( 2) Working out "Simon's Plan" of community organi- 
zation in each township. 
( 3) Ratification of State Federation of Farm Bureaus. 

96 



2. Crop Improvement and Introduction. 

1) Farm Want and For Sale Exchange List. 

2) Securing 13 pure wheat co-operators. 

3) Securing 13 pure oat co-operators. 

4) Securing 13 pure barley co-operators. 

5) Securing 13 sweet clover co-operators. 

6) Securing 13 red clover co-operators. 

7) Securing 13 alfalfa co-operators. 

8) Securing 13 smut demonstrations. 

9) Securing 13 corn co-operators. 
;iO) Securing 26 certified seed potato plots. 
[11) Securing 52 rye co-operators. 

Livestock Improvement and Introduction. 

1) Securing co-operators in testing 100 herds of cattle 
for tuberculosis. 

2) Establishing of five herds of pure bred Shorthorn 
cattle. 

3) Establishing of five herds of pure bred Holstein 
cattle. 

4) Establishing of five herds of pure bred Chester 
White hogs. 

5) Establishing of five herds of pure bred Duroc-Jer- 
sey hogs. 

6) Establishing of five herds of pure bred Poland- 
China hogs. 

7) Establishing of five flocks of pure bred Shropshire 
sheep. 

8) Establishing of one Shorthorn bull association. 

9) Establishing of one Holstein bull association. 
10) Establishing of 13 flocks of standard bred poultry. 
;il) Establishing of 13 hog pasture demonstrations. 
;i2) Establishing of 5 cow testing associations. 
;i3) Establishing of 13 sheep demonstrations. 
;i4) Establishing of 13 co-operators in balanced rations. 
'15) Exchange of 50 pure bred sires. 

Farm Management. 

1) Securing of 13 co-operators in crop rotation. 

2) Securing of 26 co-operators in farm accounts. 

3) Securing of 100 soil test plot co-operators. 

4) Securing of 5 tile drainage co-operators. 

5) Securing of 10 tractor co-operators. 

6) Securing of 2 co-operators in laying out farm- 
steads. 

97 



7) Securing of 5 co-operators in conserving manure. 

8) Securing of 5 co-operators in use of gypsum. 
10) Securing of 13 co-operators in weed control. 

Farm Buildings. 

1) Co-operators in erection of 2 modern farm houses. 

2) Co-operators in erection of 5 modern farm barns. 

3) Co-operators in erection of 1 modern dairy bam. 

4) Co-operators in erection of 4 modern hog houses. 

5) Co-operators in erection of 100 silos. 

Farm Organizations. 

1) Assistance in organizing two livestock shipping as- 

sociations. 

2) Assistance in organizing five fanners clubs. 

3) Assistance in organizing one pure seed growers' 

association. 

4) Assistance in organizing one potato growers' asso- 

ciation. 

5) Assistance in organizing one farmers' co-operative 

potato warehouse, 

6) Assistance in completing the organization of one 

livestock breeders' association. 

7) Assistance in the development of poultry breeders' 

association. 

8) Assistance in the development of co-operative 

creameries. 

9) Assistance in the development of cheese factories. 

10) Assistance in the development of co-operative ele- 

vators. 

11) Assistance in the development of farmers' clubs. 

12) Assistance in the development of community clubs. 

Boys' and Girls' Clubs. 

1) Securing 20 boys and girls for potato club work. 

2) Securing 20 boys and girls for Shorthorn club. 

3) Securing 20 boys and girls for Holstein club. 

4) Securing 5 boys and girls for Duroc- Jersey hog 
club. 

5) Securing 5 boys and girls for Chester White hog 
club. 

6) Securing 5 boys and girls for Poland-China hog 
club. 

7) Securing 10 boys and girls for poultry club. 

98 



8. Adult Livestock Contest. (Pure Bred Section.) 

( 1) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Shorthorn 

cow contest. 
( 2) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Holstein 

cow contest. 
( 3) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Shropshire 

sheep contest. 
( 4) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Duroc- 

Jersey hog contest. 
( 5) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Chester 

White hog contest. 
( 6) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Poland- 
China hog contest. 
( 7) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Shorthorn 

bull contest. 
( 8) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Holstein 

bull contest. 
( 9) Securing of 5 co-operators for pure bred Shropshire 

ram contest. 
9. Adult Livestock Contest. (Grade Section.) 

All females to be shown with offspring from pure bred sire. 
( 1) Securing of 5 co-operators for Shorthorn cow con- 
test. 
( 2) Securing of 5 co-operators for Holstein cow contest. 
( 3) Securing of 5 co-operators for Shropshire sheep 

contest. 
( 4) Securing of 5 co-operators for Duroc-Jersey hog 

contest. 
( 5) Securing of 5 co-operators for Chester White hog 

contest. 
( 6) Securing of 5 co-operators for Poland-China hog 

contest. 

RECIPE FOR U. S. GOVERNMENT WHITEWASH. 

The government recipe for whitewash to be used for outside 
work is as follows: Slake a half bushel of lime in boiling 
water, keeping it covered during the process. Strain it and 
add a peck of salt dissolved in warm water, three pounds of 
rice which has been boiled to a thin paste, one-half pound of 
Spanish whiting, one pound of clear glue dissolved in warm 
water. Mix these well together and let the mixture stand for 
several days. Keep the wash thus made in a portable heater, 
and when used put it on as hot as possible. 

99 



RULE FOR ESTIMATING EAR CORN. 

Multiply the length of the bin by its width and this product 
by the average depth to get the number of cubic feet. Divid- 
ing the result by 21/2, the number of cubic feet in a bushel of 
ear com will give the number of bushels. 
CAPACITIES OF SILOS. 

Inside Diameter in Feet 
12 14 16 18 20 

Height in Feet Tons Tons Tons Tons Tons 

20 38 51 67 85 105 

22 43 59 77 97 120 

24 49 66 87 110 135 

26 55 74 97 123 152 

28 61 83 108 137 169 

30 67 91 119 151 187 

32 74 100 131 166 205 

34 80 109 143 181 224 

36 87 118 155 196 242 

38 94 128 167 212 262 

40 101 138 180 229 280 

RULE FOR ESTIMATING SMALL GRAIN AND SHELLED 

CORN IN BINS. 

Multiply the length of the bin by its width and the product 
by the depth to get the number of cubic feet. There are 1^4 
cubic feet in one bushel. In other words, there will be four- 
fifths as many bushels as there are cubic feet. Four-fifths is 
the same as eight-tenths. Find eight-tenths of the number of 
cubic feet by multiplying by 8 and pointing off one decimal 
l^lace, and the result will be the number of bushels. 

RULE FOR ESTIMATING HAY IN STACKS OR MOWS. 

The length times the width, multiplied by the average 
height gives the contents in cubic feet. Unless the kind of 
hay is known definitely, divide by 400, the number of cubic 
feet usually taken for one ton. The number of feet required 
to make one ton varies with the depth of the mow or stacks 
the kind of hay, and the length of time it has been standing. 
The following table gives a close approximation of the number 
of cubic feet required to make a ton of hay under various 
conditions : 

Depth of mow or 

height of stack Length of time Cubic feet 

in feet standing required 

10 to 12 30 days 613 

10 to 12 60 days 512 

12 to 15 30 days 512 

12 to 15 60 days 422 

15 to 18 30 days 422 

18 to 20 60 days or more 343 



AMOUNTS OF SEED PER ACRE. 

Alfalfa (broadcast) 12-15 lbs. 

Alfalfa (drilled 8-10 lbs. 

Barley 7- 9 pks. 

Beans (field) -- 2- 6 pks. 

Blue grass (sown alone) 28 lbs. 

Buckwheat — - 3- 4 pks. 

Carrots (for stock) 3- 4 lbs. 

Clover (alsike alone) — - 6 lbs. 

Clover (red alone) 6-10 lbs. 

Clover (white alone) 3- 4 lbs. 

Corn (for ears) 4- 6 qts. 

Corn (for silage) 8-16 qts. 

Cow peas — 1- IV2 bus. 

Flax (for seed) . 2- 3 pks. 

Mangels 5- 8 lbs. 

Millet 2- 3 pks. 

Oats 8-10 pks. 

Peas 2- 21^ bus. 

Potatoes 8-15 bus. 

Rape (broadcast) 6- 8 lbs. 

Rape (drilled) -.- 3- 6 lbs. 

Red Top (uncleaned) -- 6- 8 lbs. 

Rye (for grain) 5- 6 pks. 

Rye (for pasture) 8-10 pks. 

Sugar beets 12-16 lbs. 

Timothy .-- 10-12 lbs. 

Timothy and Clover: 

^l^ver 6 lbs. ) ^^ ^^^^ 

Timothy 8 lbs. \ 

Wheat (spring) 5- 6 pks. 

Wheat (winter) 6- 8 pks. 

WEIGHTS PER BUSHEL ACCORDINCJ TO MINNESOTA 

LAWS. 

Serial No. 2728 of Chap. 50, Revised Laws of 1905, as amended 

by Section 4, Chap. 560, Laws of 1913. 

Applicable to Red Lake County. 

Alfalfa Seed 60 lbs. 

Barley 48 lbs. 

Buckwheat - 50 lbs. 

Clover Seed 60 lbs. 

Corn (Ear) 70 lbs. 

Corn (Shelled) - 56 lbs. 

101 



Millet 48 lbs. 

Oats 32 lbs. 

Onions 52 lbs. 

Potatoes (Irish) 60 lbs. 

Rye - 56 lbs. 

Spelt or Speltz 40 lbs. 

Timothy Seed - - - 45 lbs. 

Periods of Gestation. 

Hogs 112 days 

Sheep 150 days 

Cattle 283 days 

County Organizations 

RED LAKE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
Officers and Directors. 

Dr. N. M. Watson Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Ildaige, Baril -— Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Gilbert Marchildon Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Frank P. Grenier Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

J. H. Wagner Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

J. E. Draeger Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Dr. A. T. Ostendorf Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Noel Delorme Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Fremont Derosier Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

RED LAKE COUNTY PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. 
Officers and Executive Committee. 

S. M. Kelly, President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Dr. W. B. Torgerson, First Vice President Oklee, Minn. 

Mrs. T. Reep, Second Vice President Plummer, Minn. 

Mrs. S. E. Schockley, Secretary Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Geo. Christie, Treasurer.. .....Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. W. J. Quesnell Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Sam E. Hunt Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Directors. 
Rev. H. Amend, Wylie; T. P. Smidesang, Wyhe; Felix 
Grandbois, Red Lake Falls; C. 0. Swanson, Red Lake Falls; 
P. J. Gustaf son, St. Hilaire ; Peter LaChance, Red Lake Falls ; 
A. R. Knaack, Red Lake Falls; Mrs. Henry Huot, Red Lake 
Falls; Frank P. Grenier, Red Lake Falls; C. W. Swain, Red 
Lake Falls; M. 0. Sortedahl, Red Lake Falls; Will Eukel, Red 
Lake Falls; Mrs. A. E. Menard, Plummer; Alice Fellman, Red 
Lake Falls; Mrs. John Hofius, Plummer; A. J. Hemstad, Plum- 

102 



nier; Mrs. James Gilbertson, Plummer; Mrs. Tobias Reep, 
Plummer; F. R. Davies, Plummer; Wm. Bottineau, Plummer; 
Olaf Tande, Plummer; Celia Bemis, Plummer; Mrs. Swan 
Olson, Oklee; Ole O. Lee, Oklee; Mrs. C. A. Bennet, Oklee; 
Mrs. R. H. Green, Plummer; L. E. Slyter, Red Lake Falls; 
Fred Purath, Red Lake Falls; Mrs. Geo. Remick, Red Lake 
Falls; Ovilla Robillard, Red Lake Falls; Rev. Bouchard, Red 
Lake Falls ; Fremont Derosier, Red Lake Falls ; J. E. Buskirk, 
Brooks; Earl Smith, Erskine; Mrs. Geo. Zea, Brooks; Geo. 
Peterson, Brooks; Joseph Bergerson, Brooks; Carl Schusser, 
Brooks; Dr. W. B. Torgerson, Oklee; Mrs. Inga Melby, Oklee; 
E. F. Johnson, Oklee ; Mrs. Geo. Hennings, Red Lake Falls ; W. 
O. Hunt, Red Lake Falls ; Mrs. Dan Paul, Red Lake Falls ; Geo. 
Christie, Red Lake Falls; Rev. S. M. Kelly, Red Lake Falls; 
Mrs. Fred Cyr, Red Lake Falls ; Mrs. W. J. Quesnell, Red Lake 
Falls; Mrs. Sam Shockley, Red Lake Falls; R. H. Bourdon, 
Red Lake Falls. 

RED LAKE COUNTY CHAPTER OF THE AMERICAN 

RED CROSS. 

Officers. 

Rev. S. M. Kelly, Chairman ..Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. E. G. Buse, Vice Chairman Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. Joe Harren, Secretary Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. Fred Cyr, Aisstant Secretary Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Geo. Christie, Treasurer... .—.... Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Directors. 

Sam Hunt Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

George Hennings Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. Robert Bourden Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. W. J. Quesnell Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mrs. S. C. Shockley Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Directors of Branches. 
Red Lake Falls, Mrs. Charles Boughton, Red Lake Falls, 
Minn.; Oklee, Dr. W. B. Torgerson, Oklee, Minn.; Plummer, 
Mrs. Tobias Reep, Plummer, Minn.; Brooks, Mrs. Frank Dey- 
monaz. Brooks, Minn.; Games, Mrs. Bemus, Plummer, Minn.; 
Wylie, Mrs. T. P. Smidesang, Wylie, Minn. ; Poplar River, Mrs. 
Jennie Johnson, Erskine, Minn.; Equality, Mrs. E. 0. Erick- 
son, Oklee, Minn. ; Terrebonne, Mrs. Ovilla Robillard, Red Lake 
Falls, Minn. 

RED LAKE COUNTY POULTRY ASSOCIATION. 

G. A. Krueger, President Plummer, Minn. 

W. R. Holcomb, First Vice President Plummer, Minn. 

C. O. Kankle, First Vice President ...Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

S. J. Rice, Secretary-Treasurer Plummer, Minn. 

103 



RED LAKE COUNTY AUTO CLUB. 

Officers. 

Fred L. Farley, President— Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Dr. J. C. Wilkinson, Vice President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

E. G. Biise, Secretary-Treasurer Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Board of Governors. 

V. M. Higinbotham ..Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Fred Richards .Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Sam. E. Hunt Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

H. J. Enderle..-. Plummer, Minn, 

Clair Hall Brooks, Minn. 

U. B. Torgerson Oklee, Minn. 

RED LAKE COUNTY MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

Lee Healy, Chairman Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

H. J, Enderle, Vice Chairman Plummer, Minn. 

A. L, Brunelle, Secretary Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

E. G. Buse, Treasurer Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Board of Directors. 
J. E. Buskirk, Brooks, Minn. ; James Hance, Red Lake Falls, 
Minn, ; A, E, Menard, Plummer, Minn. ; Peter LaChance, Huot, 
Minn. ; T. P. Smidesang, Wylie, Minn, ; Robert Anderson, Lillo, 
Minn,; W. B. Torgerson, Oklee, Minn.; Mose Ducharme, Red 
Lake Falls, Minn. ; H. W. Cutten, Red Lake Falls, Minn. ; Omer 
Parenteau, Red Lake Falls, Minn, 

Community Organizations 

FARMERS' CLUBS. 
Gervais Alert Farmers' Club. 

J. H. Wagner, President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

William Dupont, Vice President.... ...Plummer, Minn. 

A. C. Menard, Secretary-Treasurer Plummer, Minn. 

Cloverland Farmers' Club. 

John Rose, President .Plummer, Minn. 

Mrs. Fred Hofius, Vice President Plummer, Minn. 

Mrs. James Gilbertson, Secretary-Treasurer.. ..Plummer, Minn. 
Poplar River Farmers' Club. 

Earl Smith, President - Erskine, Minn. 

Will Vanderwaal, Vice President Erskine, Minn. 

H. E, Vanderwaal, Secretary-Treasurer Erskine, Minn. 

Sunrise Farmers' Club. 

Nels Fore, President Lillo, Minn. 

Rier Fossum, Treasurer Lillo, Minn. 

T. Slettvedt, Secretary Plummer, Minn. 

104 



Games Farmers' Club. 

Olaf Tande, President Plummer, Minn. 

Oscar Lovaas, Secretary Plummer, Minn. 

S. Maaren, Treasurer Plummer, Minn. 

BROOKS COMMUNITY CLUB. 
Officers. 

August Burk, President _ Brooks, Minn. 

J. E. Buskirk, Vice President Brooks, Minn. 

Frank Deymonaz, Secretary-Treasurer... ..Brooks, Minn. 

Directors. 

William Allen Brooks, Minn. 

Leon Deymonaz Brooks, Minn. 

W. A. Schroeder Brooks, Minn. 

H. L. Brattern Erskine, Minn. 

Clyde Cliilds . Brooks, Minn. 

Joe Pigeon Brooks, Minn. 

Thomas Moreau ..Brooks, Minn. 

H. L. Premo Brooks, Minn. 

C. W. Royer..... Brooks, Minn. 

Geo. Peterson Brooks, Minn. 

Joseph Carrier Brooks, Minn. 

C. D. Hall Brooks, Minn. 

Mrs. Frank Deymonaz Brooks, Minn. 

Mrs. Clyde Childs Brooks, Minn. 

Committees. 

Membership August Burk 

Community Forum J. E. Buskirk 

Finance ...- Frank Deymonaz 

Educational. W. D. Allen 

Labor Leon Deymonaz 

Home Trade ..Clyde Childs 

Health and Sanitation Thomas Moreau 

Good Roads and Improvements Geo. Peterson 

Recreation ..._C. D. Hall 

Publicity Mrs. Clyde Childs 

Program Mrs. Leon Deymonaz 

Commercial Clubs 

RED LAKE FALLS COMMERCIAL CLUB, 

RED LAKE FALLS, MINN. 

Officers. 

President Geo. F. Hennings 

First Vice President J. A. Duffy 

105 



Second Vice President L. E. Healy 

Secretary ....W. H. Fisher 

Treasurer J. E. Draeger 

Directors. 

C. E. Boughton, Sam. E. Hunt, E. G. Buse, 

P. F. Pouliot, V. M. Highinbotham. 

PLUMMER COMMERCIAL CLUB, PLUMMER, MINN. 

Officers. 

H. J. Enderle President and Treasurer 

F. R. Davies Secretary- 
Directors. 
William Bottineau, Tobias Reep, 
J. W. Pahlen, O. H. Langlie. 
OKLEE COMMERCIAL CLUB, OKLEE, MINN. 
Officers. 

L. Ducet — — President 

S. P. Sorenson Vice President 

Dan Roland .— Secretary 

E. A. Hovland Treasurer 

Farmers' Co-operative Organizations 

CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERIES. 

Plummer Farmers' Co-operative Creamery Co., 

Plummer, Minn. 

Officers. 

David Haugen, President ....Plummer, Minn. 

John Greenwald, Vice President ...Plummer, Minn. 

A. J. Hemstad, Secretary-Treasurer.. Plummer, Minn. 

Directors. 

Anton Lee Plummer, Minn. 

P. S. Medchill Plummer, Minn. 

Buttermaker. 

Albert Martin Plummer, Minn. 

Oklee Farmers' Co-operative Creamery Co., Oklee, Minn. 

Officers. 

Edward E. Havik, President Oklee, Minn. 

0. A. Person, Treasurer Oklee, Minn. 

W. B. Torgerson, Secretary Oklee, Minn. 

Directors. 

0. H. Lambe Oklee, Minn. 

Olaf Tande ...Plummer, Minn. 

Oscar Lovaas .— ...Plummer, Minn. 

Peter Hince Oklee, Minn. 

106 



Buttermaker. 

Carl Ringdahl Oklee, Minn. 

Clearwater Farmers' Co-operative Creamery Co., Lillo, Minn, 

OflScers. 

Frank Lundeen, President Lillo, Minnn. 

Robert A. Anderson, Treasurer Lillo, Minn, 

Lars Fore, Secretary... Lillo, Minn. 

Charles G. Sail, Manager Plummer, Minn. 

Directors. 
O. M. Mandt .- Rhoda, Minn. 

B. J. Prenbakke Neptune, Minn. 

John Lundblad Neptune, Minn. 

C. 0. Lindberg Lillo, Minn. 

Arthur Lund Wanke, Minn. 

Buttermaker. 
Robert J. Anderson Lillo, iMnn. 

CO-OPERATIVE ELEVATORS. 
Brooks Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Co., Brooks, Minn. 

Officers. 

W. S. Peterson, President Brooks, Minn. 

J. E. Buskirk, Secretary... Brooks, Minn. 

Geo. Zea, Treasurer and Manager Brooks, Minn. 

Directors. 

Joseph Pigeon Brooks, Minn. 

W. A. Schroeder Brooks, Minn. 

Fremont Derosier Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Dorothy Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Co., 

Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Officers. 

Fred Mireault, President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Walter Dyce, Secretary Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A. R. Knaack, Treasurer Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Directors. 

Albert Koop Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Fred Yettie Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

William Peppin Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Albert Landa Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Mat Jenson .....Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Edward Schultz, Manager Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

107 



Oklee Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Co., Oklee, Minn. 

Officers. 

Olaf Tande, President— Plummer, Minn. 

Henry Falardeau, Secretary Brooks, Minn. 

Evind Gustenson, Treasurer Oklee, Minn. 

Directors. 

Edward E. Havik Oklee, Minn. 

Joe Bergeron Brooks, Minn. 

August Lindquist, Manager Oklee, Minn. 

CO-OPERATIVE ELEVATORS. 
Wylie Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Co., Wylie, Minn. 

Officers. 

Charles Kruse, President Wylie, Minn. 

Henry Gerlach, Vice President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A. G. Hallstrom, Secretary Wylie, Minn. 

C. G. Borgen, Treasurer Wylie, Minn. 

Directors. 

M. Erickson ....Wylie, Minn. 

Wm. Lehrer Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Charles Zutz Wylie, Minn. 

Gust Naplin Wylie, Minn. 

C. W. Johnson Wylie, Minn. 

Hector Bergstrom, Manager Wylie, Minn. 

LIVESTOCK SHIPPING ASSOCIATION. 

Brooks Co-operative Livestock Shipping Association, 

Brooks, Minn. 

Officers. 

W. D. Allen, President Brooks, Minn. 

August Burke, Secretary ...Brooks, Minn. 

Howard Childs, Treasurer and Manager Brooks, Minn. 

Directors. 

W, A. Schroeder Brooks, Minn. 

Fred Berberich Brooks, Minn. 

Fremont Derosier Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Oklee Co-operative Livestock Shipping Association, 

Oklee, Minn. 

Officers. 

Nels Fore, President Lillo, Minn. 

E. K. Gj ernes, Secretary-Treas. and Manager Oklee, Minn. 

Directors. 

Ole O. Lee Oklee, Minn. 

Ole Slettvold Plummer, Minn. 

Evind Gunstenson Oklee, Minn. 

108 



Wylie Co-operative Livestock Shipping Association, 

Wylie, Minn. 

Officers. 

Charles Kruse, President Wylie, Minn. 

Henry Gerlach, Vice President Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

A. G. Halstrom, Secretary .__ Wylie, Minn. 

A. G. Bergen, Treasurer Wylie, Minn. 

Directors. 

M. Erickson Wylie, Minn. 

Wm. Lehrer Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

Charles Zutz Wylie, Minn. 

Gust Naplin Wylie, Minn. 

C. W. Johnson _ ...Wylie, Minn. 

Hector Bergstrom, Manager Wylie, Minn. 

Plummer Co-operative Livestock Shipping Association, 

Plummer, Minn. 

Officers. 

A. J. Hemstad, President... Plummer, Minn. 

L. J. Hesse, Vice President Plummer, Minn. 

Albert Priebe Plummer, Minn. 

Anton Lee Plummer, Minn. 

D. A. McCullough, Sec.-Treas., Hgr Plummer, Minn. 

CLEARWATER FARMERS' TELEPHONE CO., 

PLUMMER, MINN. 

Officers. 

Charles G. Sail, President Plummer, Minn. 

M. J. Fallon, Vice President. .Plummer, Minn. 

P. S. Medchill, Sec.-Treas. and Manager Plummer, Minn. 

Directors. 

Anton Lee Plummer, Minn. 

H. J. Enderle ..Plummer, Minn. 

Fred Measner ...Lillo, Minn. 

W. B. Torgerson __ Oklee, Minn. 

Ingvald Husby Plummer, Minn. 

T. G. Slettvedt Lillo, Minn. 



Executives 



COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 

Frank P. Grenier, Red Lake Falls, 1st District. 
Arthur Prenevost, Red Lake Falls, 2nd District. 
Ole O. Lee, Oklee, 3rd District. 
Sam E. Hunt, Red Lake Falls, 4th District. 
Geo. F. Peterson, Brooks, 5th District. 

109 



COUNTY OFFICERS. 

Fred L. Farley, Attorney, Red Lake Falls. 

George Dupont, Auditor, Red Lake Falls. 

Ovide Emard, Treasurer, Red Lake Falls. 

Frank Jeffers, Register of Deeds, Red Lake Falls. 

E. G. Buse, Clerk of Court, Red Lake Falls. 

Joseph Perrault, Judge of Probate, Red Lake Falls. 

Charles Fellman, Sheriff, Red Lake Falls. 

Mrs. W. J. Quesnell, School Superintendent, Red Lake Falls. 

Highway Engineer. 

Oswald Lind Red Lake Falls, Minn. 

CITY AND VILLAGE OFFICERS. 
Red Lake Falls, Minn. 
Leo Steinert, Mayor. 
Geo. Hennings, Alderman 1st Ward. 
Fred E. Cyr, Alderman 2nd Ward. 
S. C. Shockley, Alderman 3rd Ward. 
Gilbert Marchildon, Alderman at Large. 
E. A. Nelson, Alderman at Large. 
Charles Boughton, City Attorney. 
Walter Quesnell, City Treasurer. 
Joseph Perrault, City Clerk. 
Carsten Mead, Chief of Police. 
Franz Freund, Assessor. 

Plummer, Minn. 

E. B. Lanager, Mayor. 
Alcide Morrisette, Aldemian. 
John Rice, Alderman. 

N. A. Nelson, Alderman. 

F. R. Davies, Clerk. 

Joe Morrisette, Chief of Police. 
Edward Wichterman, Assessor. 

Oklee, Minn. 

J. 0. Melby, Mayor. 

W. B. Torgerson, Treasurer. 

A. P. Toupin, Recorder. 

W. P. Lynch, Trustee. 

E. A. Hovland, Trustee. 

I. Fortier, Trustee. 

O. A. Liabraaten, Chief of Police. 

Nils Hagen, Assessor. 

110 



INDEX 

Page 

Amounts of seed per acre — 101 

Barns built .- 49 

Boys' and girls' club work 6 

•Capacity of silos - — 100 

Cereal disease control - 5 

Certified potato plots 47 

Churches - 90 

Cheese factories — -- 57 

Climatological data - 95 

Club work plans for 1920 54 

Comparison of grade and pure bred livestock 18 

Corn sold .- -. - 31 

Cost of Farm Bureau work -. 10 

Crops - 30 

County Commissioners 109 

Farm homes built 49 

Farmers' co-operative creameries - 56 

Farmers' co-operative elevators 5 6 

Farmers' co-operative livestock shipping associations .- 5 6 

Farmers' purchasing pure bred livestock 23 

Farmers testing livestock for tuberculosis - 21 

Flour mills - 5 6 

Game and fish 92 

Hog cholera .- .-- 17 

Improvement of livestock in the county 13 

Increase in Farm Bureau membership 7 

Labor --- 5—39 

Loss by smut 39 

Outlook and recommendations, 1920 — - 96 

Office work 5 

OflScers, county -. 110 

Officers and directors: 

Commercial Club, Red Lake Falls -. 105 

Commercial Club, Plummer - - 106 

Commercial Club, Oklee - 107 

Council, city of Red Lake Falls 110 

Council, village of Plummer - - - HO 

Council, village of Oklee .- HO 

Farmers' co-operative creamery of Plummer 10 6 

Farmers' co-operative creamery of Oklee — 106 

Farmers' co-operative creamery of Lillo '"^'^ 

Farmers' co-operative elevator company of Oklee 107 

Farmers' co-operative elevator company of Brooks 107 

Farmers' co-operative elevator company of Wylie 108 

Farmers' co-operative elevator company of Dorothy 107 

Farmers' co-operative livestock shipping Ass'n. of Plummer 109 

Farmers' co-operative livestock shipping Ass'n. of Oklee 108 

Farmers' co-operative livestock shipping Ass'n. of Brooks.... 108 

Farmers' co-operative livestock shipping Ass'n. of Wylie 109 

111 



Page 

Farmers' community club. Brooks 105 

Farmers' club, Gervais Alert .-- 104 

Farmers' club, Cloverland -- — 104 

Farmers' club, Sunrise 104 

Farmers' club, Poplar River 104 

Farmers' club. Games 105 

Red Lake County Farm Bureau Association 7 

Red Lake County Agricultural Association 102 

Red Lake County Poultry Association lOS 

Red Lake County Memorial Association 104 

Red Lake County Public Health Association 102 

Red Lake County American Chapter Red Cross 10 3 

Red Lake County Auto club 104 

Clearwater Telephone Company 109 

Periods of gestation — 102 

Potato club work 5 3 

Picnic, Farm Bureau -. & 

Picnic, Poultry --- 70 

Plummer market day --- 76 

Project work 6 

Program of work for Farm Bureau --. 8 

Purpose of Farm Bureau 8 

Pure seed worK 5 

Red Lake county 3 

Red Lake county fair 65 

Red Lake county poultry bi'eeders' association --. 69 

Red Lake county poultry show 72 

Road construction 62 

Recipe for government whitewash 99 

Rule for estimating ear corn ..-- 100 

Rule for estimating grains and shelled corn 100 

Rule for estimating hay in stack or mow - .- 100 

Sale of livestock — 17 

Schools -...- - - 8 7 

Seed for spring planting 5 

Silos erected 49 

State highway system 61 

Smut campaign --. - 31 

Tuberculine testing --. 5-17 

United war work campaign 81 

Use of corrosive sublimate 47 

Use of formaldehyde -.- .--. ---. ---. 39 

Weights per bushel 100 

Yields of Burbank and Green IMountain potatoes 45 



112 



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